Equipping Cancer Cell Membrane Vesicles with Functional DNA as a Targeted Vaccine for Cancer Immunotherapy.
Bo LiuYu YangYu ChaoZhisheng XiaoJialu XuChunjie WangZiliang DongLinqian HouQiaofeng LiZhuang LiuPublished in: Nano letters (2021)
By inducing tumor-specific immune responses, tumor vaccines have recently aroused great research interest. Herein, we design a targeted nanovaccine by equipping cell membrane vesicles (CMVs) harvested from tumor cells with functional DNA including CpG oligonucleotide, an agonist for toll-like receptor 9, as well as an aptamer targeting the dendritic cell (DC)-specific intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) receptor overexpressed on DCs. Such DNA-modified CMVs could target DCs and further stimulate their maturation. Notably, our nanovaccines could trigger robust antitumor immune responses to effective delay the tumor growth. Moreover, the combination of CMV-based nanovaccines with an immune checkpoint blockade could result in improved therapeutic responses by eliminating the majority of the tumors as well as long-term immune memory to prevent tumor recurrence. Therefore, by simply assembling functional DNA on CMVs harvested from tumor cells, we propose a general platform of DC-targeted personalized cancer vaccines for effective and specific cancer immunotherapy.
Keyphrases
- dendritic cells
- toll like receptor
- immune response
- circulating tumor
- cell free
- cancer therapy
- single molecule
- papillary thyroid
- inflammatory response
- nucleic acid
- regulatory t cells
- nuclear factor
- squamous cell
- squamous cell carcinoma
- gold nanoparticles
- dna methylation
- circulating tumor cells
- gene expression
- drug delivery
- escherichia coli
- staphylococcus aureus
- single cell
- free survival
- cell adhesion