Carlina acaulis essential oil nanoemulsion as a new grain protectant against different developmental stages of three stored-product beetles.

A NE based on C. acaulis EO could be regarded as an efficacious green adulticide or larvicide, depending on the target insect species and its life stage, advancing and specifying the pest management strategies of the tested species in an eco-friendly way. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.