Innovative application of magnetically modified bovine horn as a natural keratin resource in the role of value-added organocatalyst.
Atefeh DarvishiHadi BakhshiAkbar HeydariPublished in: RSC advances (2022)
This study presents the conversion of bovine horn powder (BHP) as an available and low-cost waste material to a value-added highly recyclable catalyst. This green catalyst was prepared through the immobilization of BHP, as a natural keratin resource, on the magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The successful preparation of the catalyst was fully investigated using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopies as well as field emission scanning electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and thermogravimetry. The catalytic efficiency of the prepared magnetic organocatalyst was evaluated in the synthesis of a large series of amide derivatives through the solvent-free transamidation reaction of different amides and amines with yields of 75-96%.
Keyphrases
- electron microscopy
- ionic liquid
- low cost
- room temperature
- molecularly imprinted
- highly efficient
- reduced graphene oxide
- neuropathic pain
- solid phase extraction
- carbon dioxide
- metal organic framework
- visible light
- heavy metals
- high resolution
- computed tomography
- magnetic resonance
- risk assessment
- mass spectrometry
- gas chromatography
- single molecule
- walled carbon nanotubes