Adipose Tissue Macrophages Modulate Obesity-Associated β Cell Adaptations through Secreted miRNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles.
Hong GaoZhenlong LuoZhongmou JinYudong JiWei YingPublished in: Cells (2021)
Obesity induces an adaptive expansion of β cell mass and insulin secretion abnormality. Expansion of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) is a hallmark of obesity. Here, we assessed a novel role of ATMs in mediating obesity-induced β cell adaptation through the release of miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles (EVs). In both in vivo and in vitro experiments, we show that ATM EVs derived from obese mice notably suppress insulin secretion and enhance β cell proliferation. We also observed similar phenotypes from human islets after obese ATM EV treatment. Importantly, depletion of miRNAs blunts the effects of obese ATM EVs, as evidenced by minimal effects of obese DicerKO ATM EVs on β cell responses. miR-155 is a highly enriched miRNA within obese ATM EVs and miR-155 overexpressed in β cells impairs insulin secretion and enhances β cell proliferation. In contrast, knockout of miR-155 attenuates the regulation of obese ATM EVs on β cell responses. We further demonstrate that the miR-155-Mafb axis plays a critical role in controlling β cell responses. These studies show a novel mechanism by which ATM-derived EVs act as endocrine vehicles delivering miRNAs and subsequently mediating obesity-associated β cell adaptation and dysfunction.
Keyphrases
- cell proliferation
- adipose tissue
- weight loss
- metabolic syndrome
- insulin resistance
- type diabetes
- single cell
- dna damage
- cell therapy
- dna repair
- dna damage response
- long non coding rna
- bariatric surgery
- weight gain
- oxidative stress
- magnetic resonance
- cell cycle
- high fat diet
- body mass index
- magnetic resonance imaging
- physical activity
- obese patients
- cell death
- bone marrow
- contrast enhanced
- signaling pathway