Cooperative dissolution of peptidomimetic vesicles and amyloid β fibrils.

The aggregation of amyloid proteins in the brain is a significant neurotoxic event that contributes to neurodegenerative disorders. The aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ), particularly Aβ42 monomers, into various forms such as oligomers, protofibrils, fibrils, and amyloid plaques is a key pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease. As a result, Aβ42 is a primary target and the development of molecular strategies for the dissolution of Aβ42 aggregates is considered a promising approach to mitigating Alzheimer's disease pathology. A set of pyrene-conjugated peptidomimetics derived from Aβ14-23 (Akd c Py, Akd m Py, and Akd n Py) by incorporating an unnatural amino acid [kd: cyclo(Lys-Asp)] were studied for their ability to modulate Aβ42 aggregation. Akd c Py and Akd m Py formed vesicular structures in aqueous media. The vesicles of Akd m Py loaded with the neuroprotective compound berberine (Ber), dissipated mutually in the presence of preformed Aβ42 fibrils. During this process, the active drug Ber was released. This work is expected to inspire the development of drug-loaded peptidomimetic-based therapeutic formulations to modulate disorders associated with amyloid toxicity.