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Three-Dimensional Honeycomb-Like Carbon as Sulfur Host for Sodium-Sulfur Batteries without the Shuttle Effect.

Decheng ZhaoShangjie Ge-ZhangZhen ZhangHao TangYuanyuan XuFei GaoXiangyu XuShupei LiuJian ZhouZhoulu WangYutong WuXiang LiuYi Zhang
Published in: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2022)
Sodium-sulfur batteries operating at ambient temperature are being extensively studied because of the high theoretical capacity and abundant resources, yet the long-chain polysulfides' shuttle effect causes poor cycling performance of Na-S batteries. We report an annealing/etching method to converse low-cost wheat bran to a 3D honeycomb-like carbon with abundant micropores (WBMC), which is smaller than S 8 molecular size (∼0.7 nm). Thus, the microporous structure could only fill small molecular sulfur (S 2-4 ). The micropores made sulfur a one-step reaction without the shuttle effect due to the formed short-chain polysulfides being insoluble. The WBMC@S exhibits an excellent initial capacity (1413 mAh g -1 ) at 0.2 C, outstanding cycling performance (822 mAh g -1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C), and high rate performance (483 mAh g -1 at 3.0 C). The electrochemical performance proves that the steric confinement of micropores effectively terminates the shuttle effect.
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