Frequency of hyperostosis frontalis interna in patients with active acromegaly: is there a possible role of GH excess or hyperprolactinemia in its etiopathogenesis?

Although the frequency of HFI is 22% in patients with acromegaly, neither excess GH nor hyperprolactinemia plays a role in its etiopathogenesis. Various genetic or epigenetic factors may contribute to its etiology.