[Clinical phenotypes of optic nerve damage in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder].
Sergey N SvetozarskiyS V KopishinskayaE A RuinaE A AntipenkoPublished in: Vestnik oftalmologii (2023)
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) comprise a group of autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system that manifest as optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. Its manifestation in the form of optic neuritis makes early diagnosis difficult because neuroimaging of the spinal cord is not a part of the routine examination algorithm for such patients. This article presents the results of a comprehensive ophthalmological examination of 4 patients (8 eyes) diagnosed with NMSOD. Optic neuritis was the disease debut in 3 patients and had 1-2 relapses, in all cases partial optic atrophy with moderate to severe loss of visual function occurred. The clinical picture was characterized by a pronounced heterogeneity in terms of both ophthalmological symptoms, and accession of neurological disorders. Treatment of NMOSD requires differential diagnosis with multiple sclerosis, which depends on the awareness of specialists and the inclusion of antibody titers to aquaporin-4 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein into the examination algorithm of patients with optical neuritis.
Keyphrases
- multiple sclerosis
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- optical coherence tomography
- ejection fraction
- optic nerve
- spinal cord
- peritoneal dialysis
- chronic kidney disease
- depressive symptoms
- high resolution
- brain injury
- blood brain barrier
- spinal cord injury
- neuropathic pain
- combination therapy
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- replacement therapy