Natural history of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding in hemodialysis patients: A dual-center long-term cohort study.
Ryota NiikuraTomonori AokiTetsu KojimaTakuya KawaharaAtsuo YamadaHideyo NakamuraKenji InoueEita MorikoshiRaita MigitaToshiko ShimizuTakeshi KojimaKazuhiko KoikePublished in: Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology (2020)
Hemodialysis patients had a GI bleeding rate of 10% over 5 years, and hemodialysis was a risk factor for GI bleeding.