Photostable pH-Sensitive Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen for Long-Term Mitochondrial Tracking.
Xiujie ZhaoYun ChenGuiyu NiuDening GuJianning WangYanmei CaoYongmei YinXiaogang LiDan DingRimo XiMeng MengPublished in: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2019)
Mitochondria are crucial in the process of oxidative metabolism and apoptosis. Their morphology is greatly associated with the development of certain diseases. For specific and long-term imaging of mitochondrial morphology, we synthesized a new mitochondria-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (TPE-Xan-In) by incorporating TPE with a NIR merocyanine skeleton (Xan-In). TPE-Xan-In displayed both absorption (660 nm) and emission peaks (743 nm) in the NIR region. Moreover, it showed aggregation-induced emission properties at neutral pH and specifically illuminated mitochondria with good biocompatibility, superior photostability, and high tolerance to mitochondrial membrane potential changes. With a pH-responsive unit, hydroxyl xanthene (Xan), the probe exhibited a pH-sensitive fluorescence emission in the range of pH 4.0-7.0, which indicated its potential in long-term tracking of pH and morphology changes of mitochondria in the biomedical research studies.
Keyphrases
- fluorescent probe
- living cells
- photodynamic therapy
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- reactive oxygen species
- endoplasmic reticulum
- fluorescence imaging
- drug release
- high resolution
- solid state
- cell cycle arrest
- single molecule
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cancer therapy
- risk assessment
- cell proliferation
- climate change
- human health
- oxide nanoparticles