A Facile Glycerol-Assisted Synthesis of Low-Cu 2+ -Doped CoFe 2 O 4 for Electrochemical Sensing of Acetaminophen.

This work devised a simple glycerol-assisted synthesis of a low-Cu 2+ -doped CoFe 2 O 4 and the electrochemical detection of acetaminophen (AC). During the synthesis, several polyalcohols were tested, indicating the efficiency of glycerin as a cosolvent, aiding in the creation of electrode-modifier nanomaterials. A duration of standing time (eight hours) before calcination produces a decrease in the secondary phase of hematite. The synthesized material was used as an electrode material in the detection of AC. In acidic conditions (pH 2.5), the limit of detection (LOD) was 99.4 nM, while the limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be (331 nM). The relative standard deviation (RSD), 3.31%, was computed. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity of a low-Cu 2+ -doped CoFe 2 O 4 -modified electrode Cu 0.13 Co 0.87 Fe 2 O 4 /GCE corresponds extremely well with its resistance R ct , which was determined using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique and defined its electron transfer capacity. The possibility of a low-Cu 2+ -doped CoFe 2 O 4 for the electrochemical sensing of AC in human urine samples was studied. The recovery rates ranging from 96.5 to 101.0% were obtained. These findings suggested that the Cu 0.13 Co 0.87 Fe 2 O 4 /GCE sensor has outstanding practicability and could be utilized to detect AC content in real complex biological samples.