Self-Nitrogen-Doped Carbon from Plant Waste as an Oxygen Electrode Material with Exceptional Capacity and Cycling Stability for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

To promote the development of electric automobiles, high energy density and high-power batteries are urgently needed. More and more attention has been paid to look for high-performance cathode catalysts for Li-O2 batteries. However, the sluggish kinetic reaction, the stacking of electrical insulation product of Li2O2, and the undesired parasitic reaction restrict their capacity and present poor cycling performance. Here, we prepared nitrogen self-doped activated carbons (N-PIACs) derived from the plant waste (poplar inflorescence) through the activation and slow pyrolysis carbonization method, exhibiting several advantages. The materials presented a three-dimensional interconnecting pore structure and a high surface area. Besides, defects and functional groups doped by nitrogen as active sites improved electrochemical catalysis activity. The Li∥N-PIACs-O2 battery delivered a high specific capacity of 12060 mAh/g, which was 2.3 times that of the pristine plant waste-based Li-O2 battery (N-PICs). In addition, it presented more excellent cycling stability than other common carbon materials. In this study, we developed a functional carbon nanomaterial from cheap natural materials, which might become a highly attractive subject, indicating that this strategy could strengthen the properties of Li-O2 batteries.