The relationship of fetal sex and maternal race and ethnicity with early and late pregnancy C-reactive protein and interleukin-8.
Anjali JhaNoah BaumannIskander ShadidJhill ShahYih-Chieh S ChenKathleen A Lee-SarwarRobert S ZeigerGeorge T O'ConnorLeonard B BacharierVincent J CareyNancy LaranjoRaina N FichorovaAugusto A LitonjuaScott T WeissHooman MirzakhaniPublished in: American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) (2023)
Fetal sex is associated with CRP in early pregnancy and an association with IL-8 in early pregnancy is implied. Our study further indicates that maternal race/ethnicity could be a contributing factor in the relationship between fetal sex and inflammatory responses during pregnancy. However, the specificity and level of the contribution might vary by type of cytokine, pregnancy stage, and other confounding factors such as BMI that may impact these associations.