Cognitive control subprocess deficits and compensatory modulation mechanisms in patients with frontal lobe injury revealed by EEG markers: a basic study to guide brain stimulation.

The enhancement of low-frequency connections reflects compensatory mechanisms. In contrast, alpha connections are the opposite, therefore revealing more abnormal neural activity and less compensatory connectivity as the severity of injury increases. The nodes of the above networks may serve as stimulating targets for early treatment to restore corresponding functions. EEG biomarkers can measure neuromodulation effects in heterogeneous patients.