Effects of cefazolin-containing niosome nanoparticles against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusbiofilm formed on chronic wounds.

The ability of biofilm formation in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes significant mortality and morbidity in wound infections. Nanoparticles are considered as proper tools to overcome the therapeutic problem of antimicrobial-resistant infections. This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-biofilm activity of cefazolin-loaded nanoparticles against MRSA isolates. The 27 clinical isolates of MRSA were collected from patients with pressure sores and diabetic ulcers referred to Loghman Hospital in Tehran- Iran. MRSA isolates were detected by PCR and biochemical tests. Cefazolin-loaded niosome was synthesized using the thin-film hydration method and were characterized by zeta potential measurement and TEM. The round-shaped cefazolin-loaded niosomes had a diameter of 50-100 nm and a -63mV zeta potential. The cefazolin-containing niosomes removed one, three, and five-day-old biofilms at the concentration of 128, 128, and 256 µg/ml, respectively. Histological results indicated that BALB/c mice receiving cefazolin-loaded niosomes were treated effectively faster than those treated by cefazolin or untreated group. In conclusion, the cefazolin-loaded niosome could be considered as a promising candidate for the treatment of biofilm-mediated infections of MRSA.