Construction of Charge Transport Channels at the NiO x /Perovskite Interface through Moderate Dipoles toward Highly Efficient Inverted Solar Cells.

NiO x -based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention because of their low fabrication temperature, suppressed hysteresis, and superior stability. However, the poor interfacial contacts between NiO x and perovskite layers always limit the progress of PSCs. Here, we applied 2-thiophenemethylamine (TPMA) as charge transport channels at the interface between NiO x and perovskite layers. The introduction of TPMA provides moderate dipole moment pointing to the perovskite side and effectively promotes the charge transportation. Meanwhile, TPMA anchorage also passivates the defect states at the surfaces of both NiO x and MAPbI 3 , which compensates the voltage loss due to the change in NiO x work function induced by the dipole. Thus, the device performance has been significantly enhanced in both electrochemical properties and power conversion efficiency. Our work has demonstrated a new way of improving current and voltage in the NiO x -based PSCs simultaneously through a moderate interfacial dipole moment toward highly efficient PSCs.