Signal Transduction during Metabolic and Inflammatory Reprogramming in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling.
Marta T GomesYang BaiSimone R PotjeLu ZhangAngelia D LockettRoberto F MachadoPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by (mal)adaptive remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature, which is associated with inflammation, fibrosis, thrombosis, and neovascularization. Vascular remodeling in PAH is associated with cellular metabolic and inflammatory reprogramming that induce profound endothelial and smooth muscle cell phenotypic changes. Multiple signaling pathways and regulatory loops act on metabolic and inflammatory mediators which influence cellular behavior and trigger pulmonary vascular remodeling in vivo. This review discusses the role of bioenergetic and inflammatory impairments in PAH development.
Keyphrases
- pulmonary hypertension
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- oxidative stress
- smooth muscle
- pulmonary artery
- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- multiple sclerosis
- pulmonary embolism
- single cell
- endothelial cells
- stem cells
- transcription factor
- cell therapy
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- bone marrow
- intellectual disability
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- liver fibrosis