Non-Traditional Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Atherosclerotic Risk Factors Related to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Patricia RichterAnca CardoneanuCiprian RezusAlexandra Maria BurluiElena RezusPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of high mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The Framingham risk score and other traditional risk factors do not fully reflect the CVD risk in SLE patients. Therefore, in order to stratify these high-risk patients, additional biomarkers for subclinical CVD are needed. The mechanisms of atherogenesis in SLE are still being investigated. During the past decades, many reports recognized that inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this report is to present novel proinflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic risk factors that are closely related to SLE inflammation and which determine an increased risk for the occurrence of early cardiovascular events.
Keyphrases
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- risk factors
- cardiovascular events
- end stage renal disease
- disease activity
- cardiovascular disease
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- coronary artery disease
- peritoneal dialysis
- oxidative stress
- rheumatoid arthritis
- emergency department
- type diabetes
- risk assessment
- metabolic syndrome
- patient reported outcomes
- mass spectrometry
- anti inflammatory
- drug induced