Histological evaluation of monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency microneedling treatment in a porcine model.

Hao WangMichael Richard HamblinYi ZhangYidan XuXiang Wen

Published in: Lasers in surgery and medicine (2024)

We found that bipolar FRM produced greater thermal effects, more collagen coagulation, and more pronounced molecular changes compared with monopolar mode in a porcine animal model.

Keyphrases

bipolar disorder
combination therapy
single molecule
replacement therapy