Risk Factors in Third and Fourth Degree Perineal Tears in Women in a Tertiary Centre: An Observational Ambispective Cohort Study.
Juan A BarcaCoral BravoMaria P Pintado-RecarteIgnacio Cueto-HernándezFrancisco Javier Ruiz-LabartaYolanda CuñarroJulia BujánMelchor Alvarez-MonMiguel Ángel OrtegaJuan Antonio de Leon-LuisPublished in: Journal of personalized medicine (2021)
Primiparity, induction of labor, episiotomy, instrumental delivery with forceps or spatula, and a birth weight of 3000 g or more are significantly associated with an increased risk of third and fourth degree perineal tears.