Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Is Not Associated with Apolipoprotein E Gene Isoforms in the Kazakh Population: A Case-Control Study.
Nazira B BekenovaAlisher AitkaliyevTamara A VochshenkovaBalzhan KassiyevaValeriy BenberinPublished in: Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) (2024)
The absence of an early diagnosis of cardiac autonomic neuropathy might increase the risk of the disease, progressing to an irreversible stage. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the APOE gene isoforms in patients with cardiac autonomic neuropathy to identify early markers for predicting this disease in the Kazakh population. A total of 147 patients with cardiac neuropathy and 153 controls were examined in this case-control study. Patients were genotyped for two polymorphisms of the APOE gene using real-time PCR. Statistical calculations were performed using binary logistic regression. As a result of our study, we found that there was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of any APOE gene isoforms ( APOE (ε2/ε2), APOE (ε2/ε3), APOE (ε2/ε4), APOE (ε3/ε3), or APOE (ε4/ε4)) between the patient group and the control group ( p = 0.69, p = 0.64, p = 0.19, p = 0.22, p = 0.97, respectively). Thus, cardiac autonomic neuropathy is not associated with APOE gene isoforms in the Kazakh population.
Keyphrases
- cognitive decline
- high fat diet
- left ventricular
- copy number
- genome wide
- heart rate variability
- mild cognitive impairment
- heart rate
- heart failure
- end stage renal disease
- insulin resistance
- newly diagnosed
- blood pressure
- gene expression
- chronic kidney disease
- metabolic syndrome
- type diabetes
- prognostic factors
- molecular dynamics
- skeletal muscle
- atrial fibrillation
- density functional theory