Consumption of alcohol-free and alcoholic beverages among Dutch university students: Substitution or addition?
Martine M GroefsemaKirsten J M van HooijdonkCarmen V VoogtHanneke HendriksJacqueline M VinkPublished in: Drug and alcohol review (2024)
The majority of students remained consuming the same number of alcoholic beverages since they started consuming alcohol-free beverages, pointing to an addition effect. A small group did use alcohol-free beverages as a substitute for their alcohol consumption.