Central Network Dynamics Regulating Visceral and Humoral Functions.
Rita J ValentinoPatrice G GuyenetXun Helen HouMelissa HermanPublished in: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2017)
The brain processes information from the periphery and regulates visceral and immune activity to maintain internal homeostasis, optimally respond to a dynamic external environment, and integrate these functions with ongoing behavior. In addition to its relevance for survival, this integration underlies pathology as evidenced by diseases exhibiting comorbid visceral and psychiatric symptoms. Advances in neuroanatomical mapping, genetically specific neuronal manipulation, and neural network recording are overcoming the challenges of dissecting complex circuits that underlie this integration and deciphering their function. Here we focus on reciprocal communication between the brain and urological, gastrointestinal, and immune systems. These studies are revealing how autonomic activity becomes integrated into behavior as part of a social strategy, how the brain regulates innate immunity in response to stress, and how drugs impact emotion and gastrointestinal function. These examples highlight the power of the functional organization of circuits at the interface of the brain and periphery.
Keyphrases
- resting state
- white matter
- cerebral ischemia
- neural network
- functional connectivity
- insulin resistance
- mental health
- immune response
- healthcare
- autism spectrum disorder
- adipose tissue
- multiple sclerosis
- depressive symptoms
- metabolic syndrome
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- heart rate variability
- heart rate
- mass spectrometry
- heat stress
- high density
- health information
- stress induced
- borderline personality disorder