Utilizing a suture-constrained covered stent for shunt reduction to treat transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt-related refractory hepatic encephalopathy: a retrospective study.

Constraining the stent diameter with a suture is feasible, and using this suture-constrained covered stent for shunt reduction can effectively improve TIPS-related RHE. Further investigations are warranted to precisely delineate the impact of the increased portosystemic gradient and to optimize patient survival.