Vascular dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk in hypospadias.
Angela K Lucas-HeraldAugusto C MontezanoRheure Alves-LopesLaura HaddowMalika AlimussinaStuart O'TooleMartyn FlettBoma LeeS Basith AmjadMairi StevenKatriona BrooksbankLinsay McCallumChristian DellesSandosh PadmanabhanSyed Faisal AhmedRhian M TouyzPublished in: European heart journal (2022)
Hypospadias is associated with vascular dysfunction and predisposes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Underlying mechanisms involve perturbed Rho kinase- and Nox5/ROS-dependent signalling. Our novel findings delineate molecular mechanisms of vascular injury in hypogonadism, and identify hypospadias as a cardiovascular risk factor in males.