Radical cystectomy is the current treatment of choice for patients with BCG-unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder tumor (NMIBC). However, the high comorbidity of this surgery and its effects on the quality of life of patients require the investigation and implementation of bladder-sparing treatment options. These must be evaluated individually by the uro-oncology committee based on the characteristics of the BCG failure, type of tumor, patient preferences and treatment options available in each center. Based on FDA-required oncologic outcomes (6-month complete response rate for CIS: 50%; duration of response in responders for CIS and papillary: 30% at 12 months and 25% at 18 months), there is not currently a strong preference for one treatment over another, although the intravesical route seems to offer less toxicity. This work summarizes the evidence on the management of BCG-unresponsive NMIBC based on current scientific evidence and provides consensus recommendations on the most appropriate treatment.
Keyphrases
- primary care
- spinal cord injury
- healthcare
- prostate cancer
- palliative care
- metabolic syndrome
- atrial fibrillation
- minimally invasive
- clinical practice
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- acute coronary syndrome
- muscle invasive bladder cancer
- chronic kidney disease
- adipose tissue
- combination therapy
- robot assisted
- replacement therapy
- smoking cessation
- patient reported outcomes
- decision making
- oxide nanoparticles