Pharmacokinetics of concentrated naloxone nasal spray for opioid overdose reversal: Phase I healthy volunteer study.
Rebecca McDonaldUlrike LorchJo WoodwardBjörn BosseHelen DoonerGill MundinKevin SmithJohn StrangPublished in: Addiction (Abingdon, England) (2017)
Concentrated 2 mg intranasal naloxone is well-absorbed and provides early exposure comparable to 0.4 mg intramuscular naloxone, following the 0.4 mg intramuscular curve closely in the first 10 minutes post-dosing and maintaining blood levels above twice the intramuscular reference for the next 2 hours.