Advances and Opportunities in H 2 S Measurement in Chemical Biology.

Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is an important biological mediator across all kingdoms of life and plays intertwined roles in various disciplines, ranging from geochemical cycles to industrial processes. A common need across these broad disciplines is the ability to detect and measure H 2 S in complex sample environments. This Perspective focuses on key advances and opportunities for H 2 S detection and quantification that are relevant to chemical biology. Specifically, we focus on methods for H 2 S detection and quantification most commonly used in biological samples, including activity-based H 2 S probes, the methylene blue assay, the monobromobimane assay, and H 2 S-sensitive electrode measurements. Our goal is to help simplify what at first may seem to be an overwhelming array of detection and measurement choices, to articulate the strengths and limitations of individual techniques, and to highlight key unmet needs and opportunities in the field.