Raman Spectroscopy on Brain Disorders: Transition from Fundamental Research to Clinical Applications.
Jeewan C RanasingheZiyang WangShengxi HuangPublished in: Biosensors (2022)
Brain disorders such as brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are accompanied by chemical alterations in the tissues. Early diagnosis of these diseases will provide key benefits for patients and opportunities for preventive treatments. To detect these sophisticated diseases, various imaging modalities have been developed such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). However, they provide inadequate molecule-specific information. In comparison, Raman spectroscopy (RS) is an analytical tool that provides rich information about molecular fingerprints. It is also inexpensive and rapid compared to CT, MRI, and PET. While intrinsic RS suffers from low yield, in recent years, through the adoption of Raman enhancement technologies and advanced data analysis approaches, RS has undergone significant advancements in its ability to probe biological tissues, including the brain. This review discusses recent clinical and biomedical applications of RS and related techniques applicable to brain tumors and NDs.
Keyphrases
- computed tomography
- positron emission tomography
- raman spectroscopy
- contrast enhanced
- magnetic resonance imaging
- dual energy
- data analysis
- image quality
- resting state
- white matter
- end stage renal disease
- diffusion weighted imaging
- pet imaging
- functional connectivity
- chronic kidney disease
- gene expression
- ejection fraction
- pet ct
- high resolution
- cerebral ischemia
- healthcare
- magnetic resonance
- peritoneal dialysis
- newly diagnosed
- fluorescence imaging
- multiple sclerosis
- single molecule
- liquid chromatography
- brain injury
- mass spectrometry