The Presence of Pericholedochal Hyaline Cartilage in Biliary Atresia: A Report and A Review.

Background: The presence of cartilage in extra hepatic biliary tree is an unusual finding. An isolated presence of the cartilage is possibly heterotopic or occurs as a metaplastic response to the inflammatory insult.Material and methods: We had examined the liver biopsy and the resected specimen of a biliary atresia (BA) after Kasai procedure.Results: There was hyaline cartilage around the common hepatic and common bile duct in a 3-months-old male infant with distal obstructive cholangiopathy on liver biopsy and had positive serum IgM for cytomegalovirus (CMV). Similar findings could not be documented in the pericholedochal tissue of any of the 25 other pediatric cases operated for BA or choledochal cyst and three neonatal autopsies performed for liver-related deaths.Conclusion: Peri-bile duct cartilage is a unique finding and could represent an unusual form of heterotopia or connective tissue metaplasia.