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Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exposed to Different Environmental Risk Factors: A Large Cross-Sectional Study.

Jia-Xi DuanWei ChengYu-Qin ZengYan ChenShan CaiXin LiYing-Qun ZhuMing ChenMei-Ling ZhouLi-Bing MaQi-Mi LiuPing Chen
Published in: International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2020)
There are significant demographic and clinical differences among COPD patients with tobacco smoking, biomass smoke, and occupational exposures.
Keyphrases
  • risk factors
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • air pollution
  • lung function
  • smoking cessation
  • wastewater treatment
  • human health
  • risk assessment
  • anaerobic digestion
  • life cycle