Upper-Limb Disturbances in Female Patients with Poland Syndrome, including the Digit Ratio (2D:4D).

In patients with Poland syndrome, the upper limb at the affected side is significantly different from the upper limb on the healthy side, mainly in the length of the forearm and digits. While examining the patient with Poland syndrome, we think it is essential to pay attention not only to hand anomalies but also to the development of whole upper limb. It may prove to be helpful in estimating the complete picture of Poland syndrome.