Urothelial Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation are Associated With Increased Bladder Sensation in Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency.

Bladder urothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation were present to a noteworthy extent in patients with ESRD or CKD. Increased inflammation and defective barrier function were more notable in ESRD/CKD bladders with BO than in those with DU. The clinical characteristics of these patients may involve urothelial pathophysiology.