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Integrated redox-metabolic orchestration sustains life in hibernating ground squirrels.

Aleksandra JankovicAndjelika KalezicAleksandra KoracBiljana BuzadzicKenneth StoreyBato Korac
Published in: Antioxidants & redox signaling (2023)
The ultimate manifestations of life, birth, survival under various environmental pressures and death are based on bioenergetics. These manifestations of life were made possible by the remarkable "social" behaviour of biomolecules during billions of years of evolution: the evolution of life with oxygen. Oxygen was necessary for energy production and the evolutionary explosion of aerobic organisms. Nevertheless, reactive oxygen species, formed through oxidative metabolism, are dangerous - they can kill a cell and, on the other hand, play a plethora of fundamentally valuable roles. Therefore, the evolution of life depended on energy metabolism and redox-metabolic adaptations. The more extreme the conditions for survival are, the more sophisticated the adaptive responses of organisms become. Hibernation is a beautiful illustration of this principle. Hibernating animals use evolutionarily conserved molecular mechanisms to survive adverse environmental conditions, including reducing body temperature to ambient levels (often to near 0 °C) and severe metabolic depression. This long-built secret of life lies at the intersection of oxygen, metabolism, and bioenergetics, and hibernating organisms have learned to exploit all the underlying capacities of molecular pathways to survive. This is the story of integrated redox-metabolic orchestration in hibernation.
Keyphrases
  • reactive oxygen species
  • stem cells
  • mental health
  • climate change
  • emergency department
  • single cell
  • air pollution
  • high intensity
  • gene expression
  • early onset
  • sleep quality
  • single molecule
  • life cycle