Phyto-fabricated ZnO nanoparticles for anticancer, photo-antimicrobial effect on carbapenem-resistant/sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa and removal of tetracycline.
Gopinath VenkatramanPriyadarshini Sakthi MohanMaryam Mohammed MashghanKar-Cheng WongPuteri Shafinaz Abdul-RahmanKumutha Malar VellasamyAbdurahman Hajinur HiradAbdullah A AlarfajShifa WangPublished in: Bioprocess and biosystems engineering (2024)
Alternanthera sessilis (AS) leaf extract was used to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). Bioanalytical characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) confirmed the formation of crystalline ZnO NPs with average sizes of 40 nm. The AS-ZnO NPs antimicrobial activity was analyzed under dark (D) and white light (WL) conditions. The improved antimicrobial activity was observed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis at the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 and 62.5 µg/mL under WL than the D at 125 and 250 µg/mL for E. coli, B. subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. In contrast, the growth of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus was not completely inhibited until 1 mg/mL AS-ZnO NPs under WL and D. Similarly, AS-ZnO NPs displayed a weaker inhibitory effect against carbapenem-sensitive P. aeruginosa (CSPA) and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) strains of PAC023, PAC041 and PAC032, PAC045 under D. Interestingly, the distinct inhibitory effect was recorded against CSPA PAC041 and CRPA PAC032 in which the bacteria growth was inhibited 99.9% at 250, 500 µg/mL under WL. The cytotoxicity results suggested AS-ZnO NPs demonstrated higher toxicity to MCF-7 breast cancer cells than the RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Further, AS-ZnO NPs exhibited higher catalytic potential against tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-H) degradation at 65.6% and 60.8% under WL than the dark at 59.35% and 48.6% within 120 min. Therefore, AS-ZnO NPs can be used to design a photo-improved antimicrobial formulation and environmental catalyst for removing TC-H from wastewater.
Keyphrases
- oxide nanoparticles
- room temperature
- visible light
- quantum dots
- reduced graphene oxide
- escherichia coli
- staphylococcus aureus
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- breast cancer cells
- light emitting
- cystic fibrosis
- ionic liquid
- biofilm formation
- high resolution
- bacillus subtilis
- induced apoptosis
- drug delivery
- acinetobacter baumannii
- wastewater treatment
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- magnetic resonance
- electron microscopy
- gold nanoparticles
- multidrug resistant
- gram negative
- drug resistant
- cell death
- magnetic resonance imaging
- contrast enhanced
- metal organic framework