Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Neurodegeneration of Neurotropic Viral Infection.
Prapimpun WongchitratTheerawut ChanmeePiyarat GovitrapongPublished in: Molecular neurobiology (2023)
Viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) cause variable outcomes from acute to severe neurological sequelae with increased morbidity and mortality. Viral neuroinvasion directly or indirectly induces encephalitis via dysregulation of the immune response and contributes to the alteration of neuronal function and the degeneration of neuronal cells. This review provides an overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of virus-induced neurodegeneration. Neurotropic viral infections influence many aspects of neuronal dysfunction, including promoting chronic inflammation, inducing cellular oxidative stress, impairing mitophagy, encountering mitochondrial dynamics, enhancing metabolic rewiring, altering neurotransmitter systems, and inducing misfolded and aggregated pathological proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. These pathogenetic mechanisms create a multidimensional injury of the brain that leads to specific neuronal and brain dysfunction. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the neurophathogenesis associated with neurodegeneration of viral infection may emphasize the strategies for prevention, protection, and treatment of virus infection of the CNS.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- cerebral ischemia
- induced apoptosis
- diabetic rats
- blood brain barrier
- sars cov
- immune response
- drug induced
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- dna damage
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- white matter
- brain injury
- liver failure
- early onset
- signaling pathway
- intensive care unit
- hepatitis b virus
- cell proliferation
- respiratory failure
- single molecule
- endothelial cells
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- smoking cessation
- aortic dissection