Layer-by-layer nanoparticle encapsulating all-trans retinoic acid and CpG as a mucosal adjuvant targeting colorectal cancer.
Shiwei MiWei LiYixing WenChen YangShuai LiuJingjiao LiXingdi ChengYuanyuan ZhaoHaonan HuoHaowei ZuXueguang LuPublished in: Biomaterials science (2024)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the most prevalent cancers globally, demanding innovative therapeutic strategies. Immunotherapy, a promising avenue, employs cancer vaccines to activate the immune system against tumors. However, conventional approaches fall short of eliciting robust responses within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, where CRC originates. Harnessing the potential of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine (CpG), we developed layered nanoparticles using a layer-by-layer assembly method to co-deliver these agents. ATRA, crucial for gut immunity, was efficiently encapsulated alongside CpG within these nanoparticles. Administering these ATRA@CpG-NPs, combined with ovalbumin peptide (OVA), effectively inhibited orthotopic CRC growth in mice. Our approach leveraged the inherent benefits of ATRA and CpG, demonstrating superior efficacy in activating dendritic cells, imprinting T cells with gut-homing receptors, and inhibiting tumor growth. This mucosal adjuvant presents a promising strategy for CRC immunotherapy, showcasing the potential for targeting gut-associated immune responses in combating colorectal malignancies.
Keyphrases
- dna methylation
- dendritic cells
- immune response
- early stage
- signaling pathway
- cancer therapy
- gene expression
- human health
- papillary thyroid
- type diabetes
- squamous cell carcinoma
- regulatory t cells
- metabolic syndrome
- machine learning
- risk assessment
- artificial intelligence
- drug delivery
- skeletal muscle
- insulin resistance
- climate change
- highly efficient