Applications of various range shifters for proton pencil beam scanning radiotherapy.

Haibo LinChengyu ShiSheng HuangJiajian ShenMinglei KangQing ChenHuifang ZhaiJames McDonoughZelig TochnerCurtiland DevilleCharles B SimoneStefan Both

Published in: Radiation oncology (London, England) (2021)

We have described how to implement UPRS and MRS for various clinical indications using the PBS technique, and comprehensively reviewed the advantage and disadvantages of UPRS and MRS. We recommend the removable UB only to be employed for the brain and HN treatments while an automated MRS is used for all proton beams that require RS but not convenient or feasible to use UB.

Keyphrases

electron microscopy
high resolution
radiation therapy
white matter
resting state
locally advanced
functional connectivity
electron transfer
multiple sclerosis
cerebral ischemia
brain injury
blood brain barrier