A novel ISM-SAM strategy, based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, to compensate for matrix effects in the determination of pyruvic acid.

Our results indicated that a false outcome was presented when only the ISM was used to adjust the data, and important information would be missed if the correction strategy was not carried out. Therefore, ISM-SAM, as an available correction method, should be adapted to improve the reliability of research results.