Men's Involvement in Sexual and Reproductive Health Care and Decision Making in the Philippines: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Sexual and reproductive health care (SRH) and family planning (FP) services have been primarily female centered. In recent decades, international groups have advocated for men's involvement in SRH and FP, yet related research remains limited and implementation not fully realized in many countries. This systematic review of literature seeks to summarize the barriers and facilitators to men's involvement in SRH/FP services in the Philippines. It is limited to publications in English from 1994 to 2021 regarding studies conducted in the Philippines whose research questions focused on men's involvement in SRH/FP. Eligible studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice (JHNEBP) Evidence Rating Scale. The Ecological Model for Health Promotion was used as the guiding theoretical framework for analysis and to report findings. Barriers and facilitators were identified at every ecological level except that of policy. The most common barrier identified was men's deficit in knowledge about SRH/FP; the most common facilitator was the positive influence of their social network on men's attitudes, beliefs, and practices pertaining to SRH/FP. A range of factors from the individual to the community level influenced men's involvement, including religious beliefs, economic means, and cultural gender roles. More studies are needed to provide a fuller understanding of the multilevel ecological factors influencing men's involvement in SRH/FP and inform interventions with men that can positively affect their behavior related to SRH/FP decision making.