Factors Affecting the Nuclei in Newborn and Children.
Christos ArnaoutoglouAnastasia KeivanidouGeorgios DragoutsosIoannis TentasSoultana MeditskouPavlos ZarogoulidisDimitrios MatthaiosChrisanthi SardeliAris IoannidisEleni Isidora PerdikouriAndreas GiannopoulosPublished in: International journal of environmental research and public health (2022)
It is known that children are more sensitive to the effects of medical treatments and environment than adults. Today there is limited information regarding the differences in genotoxic effects in children. The micronucleus assay is a method that is used to monitor genotoxicity, and it was validated several years before. Today there is international interest for exfoliated buccal cells. Most of the micronuclei studies in children have been performed with the analyses of lymphocytes. However, there is vast interest in using exfoliated cells from the oral cavity. The reason is that other type of cells are acquired non-invasively, this is an important issue in paediatric cohorts. Unfortunately a limitation of measuring micronuclei frequency is that it has been observed to be low in newborns and on the other hand there are a large number of patients and cell sample counts. It has been observed that radiation exposure and environmental pollutants increase the micronuclei frequency in newborn and children. Regarding the medical treatments, there is little data and several studies are needed to optimise the doses. There is the need to observe if there is a relationship between micronuclei in lymphocytes and exfoliated cells and to identify the baseline of the micronuclei levels. Moreover, we evaluate the changes in response to the toxic agents. Prospective cohorts studies will clarify the predictive value of micronuclei for cancer and chronic diseases for both children and adults. Novel molecular technologies will assist in the elucidation of different biological pathways and molecular mechanisms connected with the micronulcei levels in newborn and children.
Keyphrases
- young adults
- healthcare
- squamous cell carcinoma
- cell cycle arrest
- end stage renal disease
- bone marrow
- pregnant women
- chronic kidney disease
- machine learning
- cell death
- newly diagnosed
- peripheral blood
- risk assessment
- social media
- oxidative stress
- big data
- single cell
- prognostic factors
- preterm birth
- electronic health record
- gestational age