White matter hyperintensities in cholinergic pathways may predict poorer responsiveness to acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment for Alzheimer's disease.

WMHs in the cholinergic pathways, not diffuse white matter lesions or hippocampal atrophy, correlated with poorer responsiveness to AChEI treatment. Therefore, further investigation into the role of the cholinergic pathway in AD is warranted.