Recent Advances in Fluorescent Methods for Polyamine Detection and the Polyamine Suppressing Strategy in Tumor Treatment.
Bingli LuLingyun WangXueguang RanHao TangDerong CaoPublished in: Biosensors (2022)
The biogenic aliphatic polyamines (spermine, spermidine, and putrescine) are responsible for numerous cell functions, including cell proliferation, the stabilization of nucleic acid conformations, cell division, homeostasis, gene expression, and protein synthesis in living organisms. The change of polyamine concentrations in the urine or blood is usually related to the presence of malignant tumors and is regarded as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of cancer. Therefore, the detection of polyamine levels in physiological fluids can provide valuable information in terms of cancer diagnosis and in monitoring therapeutic effects. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in fluorescent methods for polyamine detection (supramolecular fluorescent sensing systems, fluorescent probes based on the chromophore reaction, fluorescent small molecules, and fluorescent nanoparticles). In addition, tumor polyamine-suppressing strategies (such as polyamine conjugate, polyamine analogs, combinations that target multiple components, spermine-responsive supramolecular chemotherapy, a combination of polyamine consumption and photodynamic therapy, etc.) are highlighted. We hope that this review promotes the development of more efficient polyamine detection methods and provides a comprehensive understanding of polyamine-based tumor suppressor strategies.
Keyphrases
- label free
- quantum dots
- living cells
- gene expression
- photodynamic therapy
- cell proliferation
- nucleic acid
- single cell
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- squamous cell carcinoma
- real time pcr
- radiation therapy
- stem cells
- signaling pathway
- multidrug resistant
- drug delivery
- fluorescence imaging
- single molecule
- fluorescent probe
- dna methylation
- sensitive detection
- young adults
- smoking cessation
- lymph node metastasis
- replacement therapy
- electron transfer