Oncolytic Viruses as a Platform for the Treatment of Malignant Brain Tumors.
Jana de SostoaValérie DutoitDenis MiglioriniPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2020)
Malignant brain tumors remain incurable diseases. Although much effort has been devoted to improving patient outcome, multiple factors such as the high tumor heterogeneity, the strong tumor-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment, and the low mutational burden make the treatment of these tumors especially challenging. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies are urgent. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are biotherapeutics that have been selected or engineered to infect and selectively kill cancer cells. Increasingly, preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate the ability of OVs to recruit T cells and induce durable immune responses against both virus and tumor, transforming a "cold" tumor microenvironment into a "hot" environment. Besides promising clinical results as a monotherapy, OVs can be powerfully combined with other cancer therapies, helping to overcome critical barriers through the creation of synergistic effects in the fight against brain cancer. Although many questions remain to be answered to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of OVs, oncolytic virotherapy will clearly be part of future treatments for patients with malignant brain tumors.
Keyphrases
- immune response
- papillary thyroid
- squamous cell
- combination therapy
- stem cells
- clinical trial
- single cell
- young adults
- high throughput
- cancer therapy
- toll like receptor
- case report
- drug delivery
- endothelial cells
- inflammatory response
- current status
- oxidative stress
- open label
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- genetic diversity