Pathological Pleural Invasion is a Risk Factor for Late Recurrence in Long-Term Survivors of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer after Complete Resection.

Pleural invasion was a predictor of late recurrence. Age > 67 years, preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) > 5 ng/ml, non-adenocarcinoma, and pleural invasion were poor prognostic factors for RFS.