Graft failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients with acute leukemia: autologous reconstitution or second transplant?

Although a second transplantation is almost the only salvage method, we illustrate that some pediatric patients with acute leukemia who experience graft failure after an allogeneic stem cell transplant using Myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen may achieve long-term disease-free survival through autologous hematopoiesis recovery.