Emerging Insights on the Biological Impact of Extracellular Vesicle-Associated ncRNAs in Multiple Myeloma.
Stefania RaimondoOrnella UrzìAlice ConigliaroLavinia RaimondiNicola AmodioRiccardo AlessandroPublished in: Non-coding RNA (2020)
Increasing evidence indicates that extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from both tumor cells and the cells of the bone marrow microenvironment contribute to the pathobiology of multiple myeloma (MM). Recent studies on the mechanisms by which EVs exert their biological activity have indicated that the non-coding RNA (ncRNA) cargo is key in mediating their effect on MM development and progression. In this review, we will first discuss the role of EV-associated ncRNAs in different aspects of MM pathobiology, including proliferation, angiogenesis, bone disease development, and drug resistance. Finally, since ncRNAs carried by MM vesicles have also emerged as a promising tool for early diagnosis and therapy response prediction, we will report evidence of their potential use as clinical biomarkers.
Keyphrases
- multiple myeloma
- bone marrow
- induced apoptosis
- stem cells
- signaling pathway
- mesenchymal stem cells
- endothelial cells
- cell cycle arrest
- bone mineral density
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- oxidative stress
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- soft tissue
- climate change
- cell therapy
- postmenopausal women
- wound healing
- smoking cessation
- human health
- bone loss