Warmed contrast media temperature loss in traditional manifold systems during angiographic procedures.
Kevin J O'SullivanTjaša KermavnarKenneth A GorskiSamer ArnousLeonard W O'SullivanPublished in: Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987) (2021)
During angiographic procedures, prewarmed CM loses its temperature rapidly with the duration of exposure to ambient room temperature. If no additional measures are employed to maintain its temperature outside of the warming cabinet, extrinsic warming has limited impact on injected CM temperature.