In situ visualization of synergistic effects between electrolyte additives and catalytic electrodes in Li-O 2 batteries.

By using in situ atomic force microscopy, Li-O 2 interfacial reactions promoted synergistically by the electrolyte additive K + and Pt nanoparticles electrode are visualized. The Pt nanoparticles electrode promotes the formation of the intermediate lithium superoxide (LiO 2 ) and K + assists its diffusion into the electrolyte, thereby promoting the formation of large-sized discharge products during discharging and increasing the discharge capacity of the Li-O 2 battery. These results provide direct evidence for clarifying the interfacial synergy mechanism of electrolyte additives and solid catalysts.