Cold application for pain and anxiety reduction following chest tube removal: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Chia-Te ChenHeng-Hsin TungYen-Chin ChenJiun-Ling WangSheng-Han TsaiYen-Ta HuangTeh-Fu HsuPublished in: Journal of clinical nursing (2022)
In addition to pharmacological strategy, cold application could be used as evidence for reducing pain intensity and anxiety level after CTR.